FRANCISCO FRANCO: AN EXPERIENCE IN VISUAL-ANALYTICAL PORTRAIT OF A DICTATOR (PART 2).

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to construct a profile-typological characteristic of individual meso-identities of the Spanish dictator F. Franco, his individual bodily-morphological, psycho-behavioral, physiognomic, non-verbal-communicative, visual-symbolic features, as well as visual features of everyday life based on stories from everyday life.

Franco's character as a recursion of a set of his identities (primarily religious and professional - military) acted simultaneously as a reflection of the habitus of the military class of Spain and a determinant of the regime he built, which combined the features of Catholicism and clerical integral nationalism. The features of the dictator's behavior presented in the photographs and videos, as well as in the descriptions of various authors (Lewis, 2002; Payne, 2011;  Preston, 1994), create the necessary empirical basis for a fragmentary diagnosis of his character as an obsessive-compulsive narcissistic psychopathy with a strongly expressed narcissistic deficiency and peripheral signs of an oral-schizoid constitution.

Such a multi-base character structure corresponded, on the one hand, to Franco's Jewish (Marrano) identities, and, on the other hand, to a set of Ibero-Mediterranean ethnocultural identities expressed in the anthropological and physiognomic features of the dictator's appearance and observed behavior in different periods of his life. Franco's strategy of life activity reflected the results of the completed ethnocultural assimilation of his ethnic identities by the national-territorial (civil-state) identities of Spain, which received a specific refraction in the choice of Falangist symbols. The unconscious motivational background of her choice was determined by both a number of generalized socio-cultural factors and the psychobiographical features of Franco, oriented toward the image of the Trastamara dynasty as a referential identity, including for the restoration of the monarchy in Spain. Franco the restorer himself perceived himself as a caudillo (leader) with monarchical powers obtained not in line with traditional monarchical legitimacy, but as a result of a new type of crusade (against the communists and liberals), which implied a counter-modernization understanding of the socio-historical mission of Spain in Europe.