INSTITUTIONAL LIBERALIZATION OF THE AVIATION SERVICES MARKET IN THE EUROPEAN UNION

Abstract

Abstract.  This article examines the evolution and key stages of liberalization in the air transport market within the European Union. The study outlines the development from early deregulation packages in the late 1980s to the establishment of the European Common Aviation Area (ECAA) and the implementation of the Single European Sky (SES) initiatives. Special attention is paid to institution measures, which consolidated the internal aviation market and facilitated greater market access, pricing transparency, and competition. The analysis also highlights the ongoing transformation of EU aviation policy in the context of the European Green Deal. The liberalization process is evaluated in terms of its impact on airline competition, regional connectivity, and regulatory harmonization across member and associated states. The article concludes by assessing the challenges and future prospects for fully integrating EU airspace governance and sustainable aviation policy. In the long-term perspective, the success of these initiatives will depend on the European Union's ability to adapt to technological innovations, as well as on overcoming geopolitical and economic barriers that impact the stability of the aviation sector.